Nanotechnology, Nanostructure, and Nervous System Disorders

摘要: Nanoscience impacts on nervous system diseases in at least two distinct ways. Nanomechanical structures within neurons are fundamentally impaired multiple disorders and nanotechnology is instrumental to the development of novel drug gene therapies prosthetic nanodevices. A striking number neurodevelopmental, neurological, neuropsychiatric exhibit disruption nanomechanical properties cytoskeleton, affecting subunit proteins, binding related signal transduction molecules, or indirectly impairing transport mechanisms. The neurodevelopmental such as fragile X syndrome, Turner Williams autism, Rett Down syndrome associated with abnormalities dendrites spines, indicating underlying cytoskeletal involvement. Motor neuron diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, degenerative neurological disorders, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Huntington’s disease, present profound neuronal well compromised axonal transport. There also evidence schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression. Identifying genetic causes leads new treatment targets. basis for many known, cases expression a cytoskeleton–related protein abnormal. remains largely undetermined; however, those sporadic that have locus specified, deficit proteins often noted. Nanotechnological approaches include (1) using nanoparticles nanocarriers deliver therapies, (2) reconstruct, reinforce, and/or stabilize matrix, (3) nanofabrication methods make biohybrid devices, (4) coating electrodes nanoparticles. Tangentially nanotechnological rational design techniques. High throughput scanning huge molecular databases can be used identify potential drugs will target specific damaged an effort restore function.