Chromosomal and Molecular Cytogenetic Assays for Evaluation of Human Tumors

摘要: In the Magnificent History of Genetics, written by Dr. Hsu (1), time before 1952 was characterized as “Dark Ages” cytogenetics. Actually, study chromosomes started earlier in 19th century. Walther Flemming discovered lampbrush chromosomes, described them 1882, and coined term “mitosis” (2). Balbiani communicated structure polytene 1881 (3). Wilhelm Waldeyer-Artz “chromosome” 1888 (4). Using grasshopper testes, Walter Sutton published The Chromosome Theory Heredity 1903 (5). Boveri, working with sea urchins culture, theorized that chromosome changes were cause neoplasia (6).