Referendum contingent valuation, anchoring, and willingness to pay for public goods

摘要: This study reports on experiments that examine anchoring in single referendum questions contingent valuation surveys willingness to pay for public goods, and objective estimation. Strong effects are found lead systematically higher estimated mean responses from Yes/No than open-ended responses. response pattern is similar estimation questions. The paper concludes psychometric effects, rather incentive the likely cause of results commonly studies, currently popular elicitation format highly vulnerable anchoring.