摘要: The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is the principal gateway for molecular exchange between nucleus and cytoplasm across envelope. Due to its sheer size of estimated 50-112MDa buildup from about 500-1000 individual proteins, it a difficult object study structural biologists. Here, I review extensive ensemble high-resolution structures building blocks NPC. Concurrent with increase in complexity, these latest, large assemblies can now be used as basis hybrid approaches, primarily combination cryo-electron microscopic analysis, generating first structure-based assembly models Going forward, will critically important detailed analysis NPC, including function, evolution, assembly.