Japan's Efforts Against the Illegal Dumping of Industrial Waste

摘要: Starting in 1970, Japanese businesses were made responsible for the disposal of their own industrial waste. Thereafter, principle, tax money could no longer be used to cover costs waste disposal, a task entrusted private-sector contractors engaged collection, transport and disposal. Letting economic principles dictate handling – which has intrinsic value opened door rampant problem illegal dumping by waste-emitting businesses; carried on thriving business improper creating an enormous black market. To deal with waste, Waste Management Act was amended several times starting 1991. An indirect effect creation Industrial Site Restoration Fund 1997 incentive prefectures improve administrative capacity; addition, strengthening punitive measures not only suppressed criminal activity but also created law enforcement its capabilities. Another amendment 2000 gave greater responsibility fact that they become liable costs, even if violation when subcontracted out, them select trustworthy deal. As result, problems such as have begun decline. Several issues remain Japan address, among some institutional dealing sites been immediately cleaned up, unscrupulous operators are exploiting loophole fails classify contaminated soil still allowing dump it illegally. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd ERP Environment.