Functions of two distinct "prolactin-releasing peptides" evolved from a common ancestral gene.

摘要: Prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) is one of the RF-amide peptides and was originally identified in bovine hypothalamus as a stimulator prolactin (PRL) release. Independently, another found Japanese crucian carp named Carassius RFa (C-RFa), which shows high homology to PrRP stimulates PRL secretion teleost fish. Therefore, C-RFa has been recognized fish PrRP. However, recent work revealed that non-mammalian vertebrates are encoded by separate genes originated through duplication an ancestral gene. Indeed, both suggested exist teleost, amphibian, reptile, avian species. we propose (C-RFa) be renamed PrRP2. Despite common evolutionary origin, PrRP2 appears physiological regulator PRL, whereas this not consistent role for itself. Further biological functions limited solely release, because they also neuromodulators several hypothalamus-pituitary axes involved some brain circuits related regulation food intake, stress, cardiovascular functions. these actions appear different among vertebrates. For example, central injection inhibits feeding behavior rodents teleosts while it chicks. have acquired diverse evolution. In review, integrate burgeoning information structures, expression profiles, multiple higher vertebrates, well those non-mammals.