Speciality optical fibres for astronomy

摘要: Astrophotonics is a rapidly developing area of research which applies photonic technology to astronomical instrumentation. Such has the capability significantly improving sensitivity, calibration and stability instruments, or indeed providing novel capabilities are not possible using classical optics. We review development application speciality fibres for astronomy, including multi-mode single-mode converters, notch filters frequency combs.In particular we focus on our instruments designed filter atmospheric emission lines enable much deeper spectroscopic observations in near-infrared. These employ two technologies. First, have developed complex aperiodic fibre Bragg gratings over 100 irregularly spaced wavelengths single device, covering bandwidth 200 nm. However, require highly sufficient coupling into fibre, since turbulence heavily distorts wavefront. But technologies such as gratings, mode fibres. This problem solved by lantern, enables efficient from an array vice versa. present results laboratory tests these on-sky experiments made first deploy telescope. show that suppress night sky background factor 9. Current limited thermal detector emission. Planned should improve suppression even further, optimising design spectrograph properties components. Finally ongoing astrophotonics, multi-moded multicore multiple be written same device simultaneously, femtosecond direct-write lanterns combs microring resonators, plans future astrophotonic