THE PREDICTED GENETIC PROGRESS IN DAIRY CATTLE POPULATIONS USING A VARIETY OF METHODS FOR EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF ANIMALS

摘要: Genetic progress in a herd of animals is due to the selection four categories pedigree animals: fathers sires, mothers cows and cows. Extremely important role genetic improvement plays sires for insemination breeding stock which become potential parents The sires’ mothers, cows’ provides 90-95% effect animal population, massive only 5-10%. main trait а milk production, therefore with purpose analyzing effectiveness by this defined value 4 animals, influenced on pace populations. Therefore, accelerate dairy cattle populations necessary increase magnitude benefits parental reduced generation intervals, aim our research. The average annual through Holstein breed 61.2 kg per cow year – 0.81 %. In population Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, these figures are respectively 43.2 0.62 % Much more opportunities raising rate can be achieved introduction genomic (GS) or marker-assisted (MAS). Under terms breeding, final estimation carried out during 2.5 years contrast traditional involves time 5 years. Experts estimate cost from use GS MAS compared conventional up 92%, efficiency improved two times. Taking into account that data productivity associated genes economically useful traits, topical issue is the optimal polymorphic marker systems their practice assessment structure breeds. On basis results studies QTL gene, complex model genotype increasing yield like this: CSNSАВ, GHLL, βLGАВ, Pit-1АВ; CSNS AB, GHLV, βLGАA, Pit-1АВ. Comparison genotypes shows there differences combination contributing best development traits. Thus, mass fraction protein, identical at 75% both breeds: yield, quantity fat protein total match 50%. Due implementation evaluation cattle, valuation period was significantly. Unlike will reduce interval 4.5 years, 4.6 2.9 4.3 2.7 years. The show traits QTL-complexes. based comprehensive gave an opportunity improve maternal 155 246 kg. Only factors allow 128.5 kg, times than actual 183.2 three population. The contribution increases. So, if category negative (-4.9%), 3.2% 12%. If you apply other (sires’ fathers, sires) QTL-complexes, 88.0–96.8%, greatly increase. Conclusion. To it molecular markers control metabolic processes body.