Evolution of Regulatory Networks: Nematode Vulva Induction as an Example of Developmental Systems Drift

摘要: Changes in the developmental processes and mechanisms can result modification of morphological structures evolution phenotypic novelty. But how do evolve? One striking finding modern biology is confrontation diversity multicellular organisms with conserved blueprint life—the small number signaling pathways transcriptional regulators. Evolutionary (evo-devo) tries to explain this discrepancy between macroscopic molecular uniformity. Selected case studies evo-devo models allowed detailed insight into evolutionary changes might help solving problem. Here, I compare formation vulva development Caenorhabditis elegans model Pristionchus pacificus. More than 3 decades work C. 15 years P. pacificus provide an change during evolution. differ first, type system used for induction; second, cells required inductive interactions; third, logic signal system, finally, sequence structure peptide domains otherwise proteins. Nonetheless, formed from same three both nematodes. discuss redundancy as mechanism systems drift, a theory predicting be generated by diverse regulatory networks.