Is the Combination of Insecticide and Mating Disruption Synergistic or Additive in Lightbrown Apple Moth, Epiphyas postvittana?

摘要: Pest suppression from combinations of tactics is fundamental to pest management and eradication. Interactions may occur among tactical affect suppression. The best case synergistic, where a combination greater than the sum effects single (AB >> A+B). We explored how mating disruption insecticide interacted at field scale, additively or synergistically. Use pheromone delivery formulation (SPLAT™) as either treatment (i.e. two-component alone) lure kill plus permethrin insecticide) was compared for efficacy against lightbrown apple moth Epiphyas postvittana. Next, four point-source densities SPLAT™ formulations were communication disruption. Finally, treatments applied with broadcast insecticide. Population assessment used virgin female traps synthetic in replicated 9-ha vineyard plots untreated controls insecticide-treated plots, investigate interactions. Lure provided equivalent suppression; no additional benefit accrued including suggesting lack contact. highest density tested (625/ha) most effective. insect growth regulator methoxyfenoxide by application lowered prevalence 70% first ten weeks pre-trial. Pheromone addition suppressed further an estimated 92.5%, overall 97.7% This close that expected additive model interactivity between = A+B) 98% combination. results indicate need examine other achieve potential cost-efficiencies synergistic