摘要: The suprathermal plasma instruments on DE 1 and 2 (high-altitude instrument, low-altitude energetic ion composition spectrometer) have provided new data the distribution functions of plasmas at altitudes from a few hundred to about 23,000 km. Of particular interest are results that been obtained injection transport in polar cusp, upward acceleration ionospheric ions electrons, charge carriers various high-latitude Birkeland current systems (using independent measurements currents by magnetic field MAG-A MAG-B). These other contributions Dynamics Explorer hot present understanding magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling reviewed this paper. 90 references.