Diffusion des innovations technologiques, emploi et théorie de compensation (The diffusion of technological innovations, employment and the compensation theory)

摘要: Certes, l’innovation technologique a souvent ete synonyme de chomage pour l’opinion publique. Cette opinion est fondee sur l’idee substitution du capital au travail. En revanche, selon la theorie compensation, detruit des emplois court terme (effet remplacement), mais en cree moyen et long compensation). La compensation postule qu’a - c’est-a-dire lorsque l’accumulation nouveau possible le revenu global disponible n’est plus suppose constant, l’extension capacites production, favorisee par l’augmentation profits, permet creer nouveaux emplois. Neanmoins les mecanismes requierent un transfert fluide main d’oeuvre, demande entre differentes activites. Un tel s’opere d’autant mieux que marches sont efficients, flexibles, prix s’adaptent barrieres mobilites reduites. Certainly, in the public opinion, technological innovation has often been considered as synonymous to unemployment. This is based on idea of capital/labor. However, according theory, innovations destroy jobs short term (replacement effect) but create new medium and terms (compensation effect). The theory postulates that term- say when accumulation available, total income not assumed constant- extension production capacities, favored by increase benefits, allows jobs. But, mechanisms request fluid transfer employees, demand between different activities. Such takes place even better markets are efficient, flexible, which means prices flexible barriers mobility reduced.