TGF-β signaling in the kidney: profibrotic and protective effects

摘要: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is generally considered as a central mediator of fibrotic diseases. Indeed, much focus has been placed on inhibiting TGF-β and its downstream targets ideal therapeutic strategies. However, pharmacological blockade not yet translated into successful therapy for humans, which may be due to pleiotropic effects signaling. Equally, signaling protective response in kidney injury relatively underexplored. An emerging body evidence from experimental disease models indicates multifunctionality capable inducing profibrotic effects. This review discusses recent advances highlighting the diverse roles promoting only renal fibrosis but also responses We review, particular, growing that supports by mechanisms include inflammation induction autophagy. Additional detailed studies are required fully understand actions will likely direct toward effective antifibrotic therapies.