Single and combined toxicity of amino-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles with potassium dichromate and copper sulfate on brine shrimp Artemia franciscana larvae.

摘要: The increasing use and disposal of plastics has become a persistent problem in the marine environment, calling for studies that refer to realistic scenarios understand their effects on biota. Particularly, understanding about co-exposure with nanoplastic particles metals aquatic organisms is still limited. present work aimed investigate acute toxicity amino-functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles (PS-NH2; 50 nm) as proxy nanoplastics brine shrimp Artemia franciscana larvae under different culture conditions at stages development, well combined effect two reference toxicants — potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) copper sulfate (CuSO4). Nauplii (instar II or III larval stages) were exposed concentrations PS-NH2 (0.005 5 μg mL-1) up 48 h, without agitation order mimic more environmental scenario. Larval mobility accumulation monitored microscopy. alone showed only highest concentration tested (5 regardless incubation method used (61.2 + 3.1% 65.0 4.5% agitation, respectively). Moreover, instar stage was most sensitive exposure (38.2% immobility 24 h exposure; mL-1). Evidence retention gastrointestinal tract concentration- time-dependent manner also obtained. Mixtures K2Cr2O7 increased immobilization rate after exposure, when compared alone. Similar results observed CuSO4 concentrations. However, exposing nauplii mixture decreased rate, comparison group highlights potential risk posed by zooplanktonic species through interaction other toxicants.