Single-scattering properties of complex ice crystals in terrestrial atmosphere

摘要: Various ice crystal shapes including fernlike geometry, plates with dendritic extensions and sector-like broad branches, fractal aggregates, have been numerically defined on the basis of available observations. The surface roughness crystals is also accounted for by specifying facet-tilt distribution in terms Gram Charlier series small facets which rough consists. These geometries along those our previous studies may approximately represent frequently observed cirrus clouds. An improved Monte Carlo/ray-tracing method has developed to compute single-scattering parameters these complex crystals. polarization configurations localized waves associated Fresnelian rays are comprehensively ray-tracing procedure. Complex crystals, particular, structures, scatter more energy angular region 2°-20° lateral backward directions than hexagonal former normally produce smaller values. In a substantial reduction negative backscattering found as result geometries. incorporated into calculation tends smooth out scattering peaks corresponding halos. significantly reduces backscattering. When condition imposed, computed phase function configuration scattered light essentially featureless. A database at solar wavelengths covering 0.2-5 μm established various sizes. This can be useful parameterization bulk radiative properties clouds account effects size percentage habits. By applying this cold warm clouds, it demonstrated that absorption characteristics depend both