Gene Flow in Complex Landscapes: Testing Multiple Hypotheses with Causal Modeling.

摘要: Abstract: Predicting population‐level effects of landscape change depends on identifying factors that influence population connectivity in complex landscapes. However, most putative movement corridors and barriers have not been based empirical data. In this study, we identify by comparing patterns genetic similarity among 146 black bears (Ursus americanus), sampled across a 3,000‐km2 study area northern Idaho, with 110 landscape‐resistance hypotheses. Genetic similarities were the pairwise percentage dissimilarity all individuals nine microsatellite loci (average expected \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\en...