Energy content of anchovy and sardine using surrogate calorimetry methods

摘要: Abstract European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) are crucial species for the marine ecosystem of Northwestern Mediterranean Sea. They account a high percentage fish landings they represent an important economic income. Concerns over their stock status rising in recent years as biomass, growth, reproductive capacity body condition both declining. Therefore, there is urgent need continuous fast monitoring scheme. Energy storage variability has implications recruitment population structure. Direct indices, such bomb calorimetry, highly reliable measuring energy content, but extremely time-consuming. Alternatively, fatmeter analysis relative index (Kn) have been proposed effective indirect methods. The aim this study to test application surrogate calorimetry infer content small pelagic fishes. For validation, values were compared with density (ED; via calorimetry) Kn values. Individuals sampled monthly Barcelona harbor year order assess seasonal variations content. Our results highlight that measurements strongly correlated sardine, while weaker significant correlation was found anchovy. observed differences between two related breeding strategies. Based on study, appears be faster suitable method evaluate routinely., In addition, we provide linear model ED from fish. Eventually, these findings could allow avoidance used implement protocols, boost large-scale monitoring.