Hepatitis A virus: host interactions, molecular epidemiology and evolution

摘要: Infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the commonest viral cause of liver disease and presents an important public health problem worldwide. Several unique HAV properties molecular mechanisms its interaction host were recently discovered should aid in clarifying pathogenesis A. Genetic characterization strains have resulted identification different genotypes subtypes, which exhibit a characteristic worldwide distribution. Shifts endemicity occurring parts world, introduction genetically diverse from geographically distant regions, genotype displacement observed some countries population expansion detected last decades 20th century using phylogenetic analysis are factors contributing to complex dynamics infections Strong selection pressures, which, like usage deoptimized codons, HAV, limit genetic variability virus. Analysis subgenomic regions has been proven useful for outbreak investigations. However, sharing short sequences among epidemiologically unrelated indicates that specific surveillance can be achieved only whole-genome sequences. Here, we present up-to-date information on epidemiology evolution, highlight most relevant features HAV-host interactions.