Ecotoxicology of Engineered Nanoparticles

摘要: Engineered nanoparticles (ENP) enter the environment in manufacture process and from weathering of products; however, their fate, bioavailability effects on organisms are fairly unknown. This review compiles existing literature ecotoxicity ENP. Nanomaterials taken up by mainly lung aquatic organisms, gills, intestine. These organs also targets ENP, but additional tissues may be affected as well, including brain. To date, not much is known about Although acute toxicity has been evaluated various species, long-term remain elusive. The present data indicate that ENP moderate to low, depending physico-chemical nature size Acute toxic found at concentrations mg/L with only some (i.e. silver ENP) exerting adverse lower concentrations. Toxicological mechanisms include oxidative stress, cell membrane disruption induction apoptosis necrosis, all resulting cytotoxicity. asbestos-like hazard carbon nanotubes (CNT) a cause concern, particularly for humans. toxicities types direct high indirect via sorption physical blocking uptake epithelia. In fish, single-walled act respiratory toxicant irritating gills concentrations, CNT negatively affect larval development. Ecotoxicological knowledge exists toxicity, primarily fullerenes, metallic originate metals themselves, or even solubilizing organic chemicals, nanoparticle itself. conclusion well enough assess hazards risks environment. Forthcoming investigations should focus chronic environmentally relevant focusing cellular, biochemical molecular targets.