An overview of genetic influences in alcoholism.

摘要: This review summarizes recent findings from human research regarding genetic influences in alcohol abuse and dependence. Genes explain about 50% of the vulnerabilities leading to heavy drinking associated problems. Most appear impact at least four prominent intermediate characteristics (phenotypes) that interact with environmental events produce alcoholism risk: a flushing response alcohol; low level personality include impulsivity, sensation seeking, neuronal behavioral disinhibition; through psychiatric symptoms. Polymorphisms potentially related each phenotype have been identified, studies were conducted evaluate their context psychosocial forces. A search is underway identify genes contribute these phenotypes; ultimate goals which are better prediction how best prevent problems, identifying individuals who may respond existing treatments, development new therapeutic approaches based on biological underpinnings alcoholism.