Moving inhomogeneous envelopes of stars

摘要: Abstract Massive stars are extremely luminous and drive strong winds, blowing a large part of their matter into the galactic environment before they finally explode as supernova. Quantitative knowledge massive star feedback is required to understand our Universe we see it. Traditionally, have been studied under assumption that winds homogeneous stationary, largely relying on Sobolev approximation. However, observations with newest instruments, together progress in model calculations, ultimately dictate cardinal change this paradigm: stellar highly inhomogeneous. Hence, now advancing new stage understanding winds. Using foundations laid by V.V. his school, update further develop spectral analysis techniques. New sophisticated 3-D models radiation transfer inhomogeneous expanding media elucidate physics improve classical empiric mass-loss rate diagnostics. Applications these techniques multiwavelength yield consistent robust wind parameters.