Assessment of heavy metal levels in Almendares River sediments--Havana City, Cuba.

摘要: Abstract The Almendares River watershed covers a large portion of Havana, Cuba and is centrally important to both recreational other activities in the region. In order assess current water quality conditions prior planned remediation efforts, spatial distribution six heavy metals compounds were determined river sediments at fifteen sampling stations watershed. Metal concentrations ranged from 86.1 708.8 for Zn, 39.3 189.0 Pb, 71.6 420.8 Cu, 84.4 209.7 Cr, 1.5 23.4 Co, 1.0 4.3 Cd μg/g dry weight sediment. Calculated enrichment factors (EF; measured metal versus background mineral conditions) almost always greater than 1.0, suggesting significant anthropogenic impact on levels river. highest EF values seen immediately below Cotorro (EF>10 Cd), suburban town that has an active secondary smelter, largest municipal landfill Havana Cd, Zn). Further, three had multiple higher probable effects (PEC), implying possible local ecotoxicological impacts. Finally, sequential extractions indicated largely associated with organic fraction, it was estimated up 62% would be susceptible release back into column if hydraulic or changes occurred These data are being used prioritize decisions related system.