DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-9855-8_8
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摘要: The elucidation of the causal links between variation at genetic level and emergent phenotype has been heart theoretical empirical studies in quantitative population genetics since rediscovery Mendel’s work synthesis Mendelism, Darwinism, Biometry through (Provine, 1971). Wright (1980, 1982) summarized historical emergence four predominant interpretations to relationship genotype (Figure 1). first 1A) represents a one mapping phenotype. This applies genes major effect, traditional Mendelian view inheritance (Haldane, 1932). Kimura’s (1983) neutral theory evolution is depicted 1C), where no seen phenotypic level. Figures 1B 1D represent views relationships Relationship (1B) multiple with minor additive effects on variation, forcefully put forth by Fisher (1930). (1D) genic pleiotropic producing maze interaction influencing (Wright, 1931; Wright, chapter outlines uses molecular techniques identify loci, genes, alleles, mutations associated