diversification and structuring in the genus Zelkova (Ulmaceae) in south-western Eurasia

摘要: Aim To elucidate the phylogeographical patterns in three Cenozoic relict species: Zelkova sicula, Z. abelicea and carpinifolia (Ulmaceae). Location Sicily, Crete Transcaucasia. Methods Two chloroplast loci (trnH–psbA trnL) nuclear ribosomal markers ITS1 ITS2 were sequenced for 154 samples collected from 14 populations of abelicea, 16 carpinifolia, two known sicula. We obtained georeferenced data, calculated median joining networks carried out diversity analyses. A few ex situ botanical gardens, East Asian species serrata, schneideriana sinica, also analysed comparative purposes. Results High levels variability found within (15 haplotypes) (33 haplotypes), association with strong structure. Conversely, sicula was characterized by low diversity, each population exhibiting a single haplotype. Lower (13 7 ribotypes per species, respectively), showing high proportion no intragenomic polymorphism. In triploid clonal all individuals displayed polymorphism seven identified. Main conclusions The suggests very ancient history diversification structuring, footprints past expansions more recent bottlenecks. has had severe isolation is likely to be hybrid origin.