Advances in small bowel transplantation.

摘要: Small bowel transplantation is a life-saving surgery for patients with intestinal failure. The biggest problem in graft rejection. Graft rejection the main reason morbidity and mortality. Rejection has negative effect on survival of graft. While 50%-75% small experience acute rejection, chronic occurs approximately 15% patients. Immune monitoring crucial after transplantation. Unlike other types transplantation, there are no non-invasive or reliable markers to predict diagnosis AR confirmed by clinical symptoms, endoscopic appearance, pathological specimens taken endoscopy. Thus, histopathological examinations obtained protocol biopsies remain as gold standard monitoring; however, have some complications, especially grafts. In addition high complication rate, non-diagnostic; thus, multiple should be performed exclude Therefore, auxiliary assays, such measurements citrulline calprotectin blood, cytofluorographic examination peripheral blood immune cells, cytokine profiling, distinct gene-set-change measurements, increasingly being used Developments understanding genes seem promising that limited gene sets, from biopsies, will enhance diagnosis. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell SBT tissue engineering also procedures.