11.02 – The Social Dimension of Social–Ecological Management

摘要: The contemporary management of social–ecological systems (SES) can frequently be described as ‘socially illiterate’. Even if beyond reproach in ecological terms, approaches often fail to achieve effective stakeholder participation. A lack understanding the social influences on ecosystems and, even more frequently, humans and society is result. Most current interpretations side dynamics are highly context specific but a universal core general applicability. To reverse degradation meet growing human demands for ecosystem services, assessment has conceptualize dimension theoretically sound comprehensive manner. Social–ecological analyses which relevant decision makers other practitioners also need distinguish local regional specificities human–nature relations different institutional environments. This contribution examines reasons that have inhibited treatment ‘the social’ (or ecosystem) offers conceptual framework. framework includes central components quality criteria human-nature relations. After reviewing indicator development social-ecological management, case study mangrove area North Brazilian peninsula presented combines participatory system-based development. critical evaluation an outlook conclude this chapter.