A climatology of vessel icing for the subpolar North Atlantic Ocean

摘要: Vessel icing resulting from sea spray is a significant risk to maritime operations in the high latitudes. Despite acknowledged that it imposes, there limited climatological information can be used for assessment and mitigation purposes. Here we use parameterization of rate has been validated against observed cases vessel Interim Reanalysis ECMWF (ERA-I) develop first climatology wintertime subpolar North Atlantic. Three regions, Labrador Sea, Iceland Sea Greenland are examined further detail. In all three frequency occurrence increases towards ice edge. The shown have highest followed by then Sea. particular, rates excess 4 cm h−1 predicted occur approximately 35%, 20% 10% time during winter Labrador, Seas, respectively. On monthly mean scale, severity regions determined, lowest order, location depth Icelandic Low its subsidiary feature, Lofoten Low. addition, heavy events associated with passage synoptic scale low-pressure systems trigger cold air outbreaks.