Current controversies in the understanding of necrotizing enterocolitis. Part 1.

摘要: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) has widespread implications for neonates. While mostly affecting preterm neonates, full-term especially those with congenital heart disease, are also at risk. Although the exact pathogenesis of NEC remains elusive, three major factors, a pathogenic organism, enteral feedings, and bowel compromise, coalesce in at-risk neonates to produce injury. Initiation inflammatory cascade likely serves as common pathway disorder. Clinical signs symptoms range from mild feeding intolerance abdominal distension catastrophic disease perforation, peritonitis, cardiovascular collapse. Vigilant assessment is crucial. When conservative medical management fails halt injury, surgical intervention often needed. Strategies decrease incidence ultimately prevent loom on horizon, such exclusive use human breastmilk feedings administration probiotics.