The burden of norovirus gastroenteritis: an important foodborne and healthcare‐related infection

摘要: Human norovirus (NoV) is now recognized as one of the most important causative agents gastroenteritis in all age groups worldwide. During course NoV infection, symptoms are usually mild and disappear within 48 h after onset. The incidence infection high, with hundreds cases per 10 000 population, although number infections still underestimated. Epidemiological surveys conducted Europe North America have shown that constitute a major disease burden, especially for young children elderly, whom leads to high rates hospitalization mortality. also concern hospitals, where viral can be persistent immunocompromised patients. Although cost hospital community has not yet been clearly established, it appears could thousands euros terms unit closure, NoV-related sickness patients health workers. Besides their clinical NoVs, foodborne pathogens, cause millions dollars losses healthcare system food industry. Recent estimates USA showed that, annually, illness $2 billion led loss approximately 5000 quality-adjusted life-years, making top five pathogens causing enteric illnesses. highest among 14 attributed human Netherlands. This accumulation evidence underlines enormous impact on populations.