Appropriate storage for high-penetration grid-connected photovoltaic plants

摘要: Abstract This paper addresses the dual questions: What is appropriate storage size and its related properties for matching very large photovoltaic plants to grid; what are available technologies achieving this end. For purpose a “Usefulness Index” defined, which, any grid flexibility, leads PV-storage combination that allows high grid-penetration without being wastefully large. The then examines sensitivity of “appropriate size” variations in our assumptions. specific case Israeli electricity employed numerical discussion, but formalism should be useful wider application. In particular, deduced manner argued valuable point departure optimizations more sophisticated nature. Regarding technologies, none found have all required massive PV-grid penetration, hybrid combinations capable