作者: Maria Arafah , Sameera Rashid , Mohammed Akhtar
DOI: 10.1097/PAP.0000000000000288
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摘要: Endometriosis is a relatively common condition in which endometrial tissue established locations outside the uterus where, like eutopic endometrium, it responds to hormonal stimuli and develops internal bleeding, inflammation, fibrosis. These changes are associated with chronic often debilitating cyclic pain infertility. The pathogenesis of endometriosis multifactorial, several theories have been proposed explain it. include retrograde menstruation, celomic metaplasia, embryologic rests, lymphovascular spread. Hormones, immunologic status, genetic factors may also play role. In most patients, disease involves pelvic organs, but rarely extend large variety distant body. Patients ovarian at higher risk for developing carcinomas including endometrioid clear cell carcinomas. Some these arise background structural and/or nuclear atypia within endometriotic foci. There no known cure treatment mostly consists managing or