Enzyme Stabilization in Nanostructured Materials, for Use in Organophosphorus Nerve Agent Detoxification and Prophylaxis

摘要: Enzyme immobilization and encapsulation in various nanostructures has drawn great interest as it offers both increased stability reusability without significant loss activity. Although we are still at the beginning of exploring use these materials for biocatalysis, by now several have been tested hosts enzyme immobilization. The beneficial application stabilization nanostructured nerve agent detoxification pre-treatment is reviewed discussed this article. Enzymes hydrolyzing organophosphorus compounds (e.g. OPAA, OPH, Paraoxonase) capable detoxifying neurotoxic chemical warfare (CW) agents, i.e. G-type, V-type, related (OP)-based industrial materials. nano-encapsulation OP-hydrolyzing enzymes with mesoporous or dendritic polymers can provide a very stable convenient formulation detoxification. Nano-encapsulated demonstrated ability to retain their activity presence number organic solvents, commercial disinfectants anti-microbial agents foams, making them suitable personnel decontamination individual protection applications. also show promise catalytic bioscavengers be used safe effective medical countermeasures OP intoxication. Novel enzyme-complexed nano-delivery systems, particularly polymeric nanocapsules sterically stabilized liposomes, carry metabolizing circulation. Thus, possible avoid physiological disposition potential immunological reactions bacterial derived enzymes. Nanostructured delivery consequently, allows increasing efficacy extending circulatory life some cases specific