Matching field and laboratory environments: effects of neglecting daily temperature variation on insect reaction norms

作者: Paul M. Brakefield , Vincenzo Mazzotta

DOI: 10.1046/J.1420-9101.1995.8050559.X

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摘要: The tropical butterfly, Bicyclus anynana, exhibits seasonal polyphenism. wet season form has large eyespots and a pale band while these characters are much less conspicuous or absent in the dry form. This plasticity is induced laboratory by use of standard series constant temperatures larval stage yielding continuous norm reaction. Butterflies this study were reared from hatchling larvae seven regimes which differed with respect to thermoperiod photoperiod. effect rearing treatment on phenotypic adult wing pattern, life history traits feeding rhythms was investigated. Photoperiod had little except that light produced higher mortality tended produce longer development time. Thermoperiod major comparison temperature regime same daily mean: time shorter growth rates. faster associated substantial shift pattern towards Larvae feed mostly at night both under (cool nights) conditions. results discussed necessity matching field environments studies norms reaction where adaptive significance variation important. Fluctuating conditions nature, especially thermoperiod, must be taken into account.

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