摘要: A pulsed cold cathode ion source, giving peak proton currents in excess of one milliampere and average up to 50 microamperes, is described. The source based on the Penning discharge using axial extraction ions. Some discussion mechanism role material included. Installation operation this Berkeley 4‐mv Van de Graaff its performance that machine discussed.
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F.M. Penning, Ein neues manometer für niedrige gasdrucke, insbesondere zwischen l0−3 und 10−5 mm Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena. ,vol. 4, pp. 71- 75 ,(1937) , 10.1016/S0031-8914(37)80123-8
L.W. Alvarez, H. Bradner, H. Gordon, L.C. Marshall, J.R. Woodyard, C. Turner, R. Serber, C. Richman, W.K.H. Panofsky, F. Oppenheimer, INITIAL PERFORMANCE OF A 32-MeV PROTON LINEAR ACCELERATOR Science. ,vol. 106, pp. 506- ,(1947)