Pepsin as a marker of extraesophageal reflux.

摘要: Diagnosis of extraesophageal reflux (EER) currently relies on tools designed for diagnosis gastroesophageal reflux. Such lack the sensitivity and reproducibility to detect less frequent mildly acidic associated with upper airway disease. Pepsin has been posited be a reliable biological marker EER. Our aim was present comprehensive literature review use pepsin as diagnostic Two methods are typically used detection in airways: enzymatic immunologic. The limitations, advantages, examples each discussed. assay identify refluxate trachea, lung, sinus, middle ear, combined sputum saliva, breath condensate. An immunologic saliva determined 100% sensitive 89% specific EER (based pH-metry), an test nasal lavage fluid (100% 92.5% specificity) demonstrated increased incidence patients chronic rhinosinusitis. identified tracheal indicator bronchopulmonary dysplasia related mortality risk ventilated preterm infants. is useful tool correlation disease