Individual turnover in common pochards wintering in western France

摘要: Studying movements and population turnover is a prerequisite of management conservation policies. Understanding the relative importance known wintering sites requires estimating total number birds using site with robust statistical methods because counts alone do not account for turnover. To study common pochards (Aythya ferina) during winter (Oct to Mar) in western France, we used combination band-recoveries capture-recapture data. We constructed multi-state model estimate monthly local survival probability between banding other sites, accounting individual sex age. observed significant high even winter. did detect any effect age or on movement probabilities, except at beginning when first-year individuals had lower emigration probability. This result suggests that these inexperienced explore area like adults, least early season. Combining our estimates (survival emigration) data, computed throughout was twice maximum counted Unexpectedly, low apparent suggest permanent occurred; although, recaptures resightings revealed some traveled long distances from capture site. hypothesize this due moving areas where observation hunting pressures were reduced compared those French territory. If hypothesis true, rate would prevail only scale wetland but also country. \textcopyright The Wildlife Society, 2013.