Trade-offs and Synergies Between Provisioning and Regulating Ecosystem Services in a Mountain Area in Portugal Affected by Landscape Change

摘要: This study explored the effects of landscape change on provision ecosystem services in a mountain area northern Portugal, particular trade-offs and synergies between 2 categories: provisioning regulating. Services were assessed for 1990 2006 projected 2020 under 3 scenarios, both biophysically economically, based modeling published unpublished statistics. We found that changes 16-year period increased total supply services, measured monetarily, but agriculture production dropped dramatically. Both regulating value, only biophysical units. Projections our scenarios indicated types will continue to increase amount monetary value function synergy, whereas third scenario predicted decrease categories. Because land use has major impact service supply, an understanding described this article can support planning management, areas other regions with limited alternatives income generation. Our findings suggest regional development plans should include incentives maximize services.