Zebu Cattle Are an Exclusive Legacy of the South Asia Neolithic

摘要: Animal domestication was a major step forward in human prehistory, contributing to the emergence of more complex societies. At time Neolithic transition, zebu cattle (Bos indicus) were probably most abundant and important domestic livestock species Southern Asia. Although archaeological evidence points toward within Indian subcontinent, exact geographic origins phylogenetic history remains uncertain. Here, we report from 844 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences surveyed 19 Asiatic countries comprising 8 regional groups, which identify 2 distinct haplogroups, termed I1 I2. The marked increase nucleotide diversity (P < 0.001) for both I2 haplogroups northern part subcontinent is consistent with an origin all this area. For haplogroup I1, genetic highest Indus Valley among three hypothesized centers (Indus Valley, Ganges, South India). These data support as likely center primary domestication. However, haplogroup, pattern detected, preventing unambiguous pinpointing place maternal lineage. Our findings are discussed respect record subcontinent.