Cellular Immune Response Involving Multinucleated Giant Hemocytes with Two-Step Genome Amplification in the Drosophilid Zaprionus indianus.

摘要: Previously, a novel cell type, the multinucleated giant hemocyte (MGH) was identified in ananassae subgroup of Drosophilidae. These cells share several features with mammalian cells, syncytium macrophages formed during granulomatous inflammation. We were able to show that MGHs also differentiate Zaprionus indianus, an invasive species belonging vittiger family, highly resistant large number parasitoid wasp species. have classified Z. indianusas hemocytes class which include elongated blood carrying single nucleus and anuclear structures. They are involved encapsulating parasites, originate from lymph gland, can develop by fusion, generally carry many nuclei, while possessing elaborated system canals sinuses, resulting spongiform appearance. Their nuclei all transcriptionally active accretion genetic material. Multinucleation accumulation material represents two-stage amplification genome, their spongy ultrastructure substantially increases contact surface extracellular space. may furnish considerable metabolic advantage, hence contributing mechanism effective immune response.