An observationally based evaluation of WRF seasonal simulations over the Central and Eastern Pacific

摘要: This study uses multiple satellite data sets to evaluate seasonal simulations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model over Central Eastern Pacific. Experiments with five different convective parameterizations all show reasonably good performance for precipitation simulations. However, large discrepancies exist in model-simulated ice clouds compared CloudSat observations. Underestimations clouds, mainly snow graupel, are present Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) experiments CloudSat. In ITCZ, a systematic overestimation outgoing longwave radiation at top atmosphere downward shortwave surface, along biased cloud cooling middle upper troposphere warming lower troposphere. Vertical motion is enhanced ITCZ reanalysis. A weaker low-level circulation midlatitude oceans evidenced an eastward overextension South Pacific overestimated moisture Southern Hemisphere when Special Sensor Microwave/Imager Sensitivity experiment demonstrates that doubling radiative effect can reduce high biases vertical within improve large-scale oceans.