Estimating the population benefit of radiotherapy: using demand models to estimate achievable cancer outcomes.

摘要: The measurement of population benefits is important for priority setting, economic evaluation and quality improvement. It also informs advocacy. In this article, the use demand models to estimate achievable benefit cancer therapy reviewed. Achievable refers treatment under optimal conditions. radiotherapy has been used as an example. Demand provide a means estimating proportion patients with indications when guidelines are followed. They may be benefit. choice end point should reflect range associated interest. some cases, further model development needed if pre-existing used. each indication estimated using systematic review process. highest level evidence define indication. cases where multiple sources same exist, meta-analysis carried out. Population-based effectiveness data considered, but three major challenges their are: (i) generalisability observed outcomes, (ii) resolution (iii) confounding bias. determined from process describes achieving due guideline-based treatment, compared no that treatment. Sensitivity analysis provides modelling effect uncertainties. predominant uncertainty most often in proportion. Preference-sensitive decisions common described approach robust uncertainties, rapidly adaptable transparent. However, estimates rely on affected by assumptions. Models developed broader modalities relevant points.