Direct social contacts override auditory information in the song-learning process in starlings (Sturnus vulgaris).

摘要: Social influence on song acquisition was studied in 3 groups of young European starlings raised under different social conditions but with the same auditory experience adult song. Attentional focusing preferred partners appears most likely explanation for differences found relation to experience, sex, and categories. Thus, pair-isolated birds learned from each other not broadcast live songs, females did learn male tutors, sharing occurred more between socially associated peers. On contrary, single-isolated clearly copied songs that may have been only source attention stimulation. Therefore, preference as both a motor learning potential obstacle nonpreferred partners, including adults.