Individual Members of the Microbiota Disproportionately Modulate Host Innate Immune Responses

摘要: Predicting host health status based on microbial community structure is a major goal of microbiome research. An implicit assumption profiling for diagnostic purposes that the proportional representation different taxa determine phenotypes. To test this assumption, we colonized gnotobiotic zebrafish with zebrafish-derived bacterial isolates and measured abundance neutrophil responses. Surprisingly, combinations bacteria elicited immune responses do not reflect numerically dominant species. These data are consistent quantitative model in which to commensal species additive but where various have per capita immunostimulatory effects. For example, one has high immunosuppression mediated through potent secreted factor. We conclude does necessarily predict its functional capacities; however, characterizing specific properties individual offers predictive insights into multi-species function.