Integrated Solutions for the Water-Energy-Land Nexus: Are Global Models Rising to the Challenge?

摘要: Increasing human demands for water, energy, food and materials, are expected to accentuate resource supply challenges over the coming decades. Experience suggests that long-term strategies a single sector could yield both trade-offs synergies other sectors. Thus, transition pathways linked systems should be informed using nexus approaches. Global integrated assessment models can represent inherent in exploitation of energy land (WEL) resources, including impacts international trade climate policies. In this study, we review current state-of-the-science global modeling with an emphasis on how have incorporated WEL solutions. A large-scale relevant literature was performed online databases structured keyword search queries. The results point following main opportunities future research model development: (1) improving temporal spatial resolution economic water sectors; (2) balancing requirements across (3) representation role distribution infrastructure alleviating challenges; (4) solution downstream environmental quality; (5) improved implementation stemming from regional financial institutional capacity; (6) enabling dynamic multi-sectoral vulnerability adaptation needs assessment; (7) development fully-coupled frameworks based consistent, scalable, regionally-transferable platforms. Improved database management computational power needed address many these at global-scale.