Epidemiological methods to implicate specific microorganisms with long-term complications.

摘要: This chapter presents the epidemiological methods to implicate microorganisms with long-term complications. It addresses design of studies, validity such and importance population-and registry-based research. Three types problems that affect interpretation studies may be identified. These include selection bias, information confounding. Population-or community-based refer large population in which cohorts are followed over several years. For chronic disease epidemiology, there many examples studies. Examples from industrialized countries human herpesvirus 8 Kaposi’s sarcoma HIV-positive individuals, papilloma virus (HPV) cervical cancer, Helicobacter pylori gastric population-based cohort epidemiology gastrointestinal diseases. In future, infections will detected or described, some these linked complications sequelae occur later life. Epidemiological will, along other lines rigorous research, continue explore putative associations between infectious exposures conditions illnesses.