Vertical graphene gas- and bio-sensors via catalyst-free, reactive plasma reforming of natural honey

摘要: A rapid reforming of natural honey exposed to reactive low-temperature Ar + H2 plasmas produced high-quality, ultra-thin vertical graphenes, without any metal catalyst or external heating. This transformation is only possible in the plasma and fails similar thermal processes. The process energy-efficient, environmentally benign, much cheaper than common synthesis methods based on purified hydrocarbon precursors. graphenes retain essential minerals honey, feature open edges reliable gas- bio-sensing performance.