Energy harvesting for assistive and mobile applications

摘要: Technology advances have enabled modification of the size and shape electronic components to microscale, with commensurate scaling down their power requirements milliwatts microwatt range. Consequently, many complex systems devices such as wearable medical autonomous consume in range less than 200 μW, wireless sensor networks μW 100 mW are operated on battery power. Due salient limitations power, longevity charge where applicable, requirement for periodic recharging, possibilities utilization energy sources is critical operation devices. Ambient sources, vibrations (1 μW 20 mW), motion (wide outputs), temperature gradient (0.5–10 mW), radiofrequency waves (>180 μW/cm2), light (100 μW/cm2 100 mW/cm2), acoustics (0.003–0.11 μW/cm2), other, potential directly device. harvesting, when used separately or conjunction batteries, will enhance equipment operations requiring portable supply. This paper reviews state art energy-harvesting techniques, conversion, characterization mini- microscale self-sustaining generation 600 μW 5 W, specifically focusing low-power system applications, personal assistive mobile technology