Biogeography, Benthic Ecology, and Habitat Classification Schemes

摘要: Publisher Summary Biodiversity is conceptualized in terms of the diversity species (species richness, alpha diversity), although other measures are possible (beta and gamma diversity) when viewed at different spatial scales. Species distinguished based on strict rules taxonomy classification hierarchy species, genera, families, orders, classes, phyla. The term “biodiversity” (short for “biological diversity”) can be level habitat or community diversity, genetic diversity. important according to International Convention Biological Diversity (CBD) because least 40 per cent world's economy 80 needs poor derived from biological resources. In addition, richer life, greater opportunity medical discoveries, economic development, adaptive responses such new challenges as climate change. A crucial point that interdependent components ecosystems; removing any one will reduce ecosystem resilience functioning. geographic range limited by physical environmental barriers. Habitat mapping often employed manage sustainable harvest commercial conservation protected endemic but also measure quantify biophysical conditions associated with occurrence a particular group order attempt explain relationships between environment species. explanation relationship island area richness number present an governed rates colonization extinction.