Maternal kin bias in affiliative behavior among wild adult female blue monkeys

摘要: Kin-biased cooperative and affiliative behavior is widespread in social mammals expected to increase fitness. However, despite evolutionary benefits of cooperating with relatives, demographic circumstances may influence the strength kin bias. We studied relationship between maternal kinship among 78 wild adult female blue monkeys (Cercopithecus mitis) from 8 groups monitored for 1–5 years. compared matrices, controlling rank differences. Using multivariate models, we examined effects variables on extent which females groomed disproportionately close kin. Female monkeys, like other cercopithecine primates, generally preferred closer grooming spatial association, although there was also substantial variation. Kin bias weakest association (at 7 m) while feeding, intermediate (1 m) resting, most intense grooming. Grooming stronger when a had more very relatives (either her mother or daughters), group contained females, she lower percentage group-mates, fewer total Dominance did not predict variation Females all kin, but larger they increased number unrelated partners time. The intensity resulted addition whom occurred less often than rather time constraints that drove select strongly. In natural-sized groups, it be common groom their are present limited numbers. benefit who rely collective action territorial defense; group-wide cooperation thus decisions this species. Am. J. Primatol. 77:109–123, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.