Ionic Liquid Pretreatment: Mechanism, Performance, and Challenges

摘要: Ionic liquids are of increasing interest to the biofuels community due their properties as a means effectively pretreating biomass. (ILs) composed anions and cations typically have melting temperatures below 100 °C. There been several classes ionic liquids, in particular those belonging imidazolium family, that demonstrated be very efficient wide range lignocellulosic materials. over thousand ILs categorized various databases, but only approximately 25 known effective biomass solvents; majority these based on class cations. is undoubtedly large amount knowledge yet discovered terms anion-cation pairing screening before an optimal commercially viable IL pretreatment technology solution realized. has shown decrease lignin content cellulose crystallinity lignocellulose generates material is, depending specific conditions used, readily saccharified into fermentable sugars. number process routes under investigation further define desired task-specific used. This chapter gives overview respective technologies development, addition describing underlying mechanisms how interact with its components overcome recalcitrance.